(Braconidae). and Chrysonotomyia appannai L. (Eulophidae) while Pleurotropis epilachnae Rohw., P. foveolatus C., Chrysocharis johnsoni S. Rao, Solindenia vermai Bhet and Tetrastichus sp. The adults and the nymphs suck the sap from leaves and cause yellowish spots which, together with the black scale-like excreta deposited by them, impart a characteristic mottled appearance to the infested leaves. (i) When the attack of this borer is serious, the ratooning of brinjal plants should be discontinued. This insect can effectively be controlled by spraying crop with Endosulphan, (Thioden -35 EC) or Phentrothion (Sumithion-50 EC)@ 2 ml or Fenthion. In addition, eggplant is a sun loving plant and should be positioned in an area that receives full sunlight. (iii) Do not ratoon the brinjal crop. (iv) Spray 3-4 times at 2-week interval using 250-300 litres of water per ha with any one of the following insecticides as soon as the attack starts: (a) Organophosphcites: The pest is most abundant in August-September. Basic requirements Eggplants are warm-season crops which require a long growing season.They grow best in regions where the daytime temperature is between 26 and 32°C (80–90°F) and night time temperatures around 21°C (70°F). Adults overwinter in plant debris. This pest is active from March to October and passes the winter as a hibernating caterpillar in the stems of old plants. | Agriculture. The main cause of this disease is high soil, moisture and moderate temperature with high humidity levels during the rainy season. The fore wings are ornamented with a number of black, pale and light brown spots. Recommended Pest Control for Brinjal. "Leaf extract of nirgundi and mix solution of 10 gram of hing in 1 L and then 5 L of cow usrine and sprayed over affected crops for preventing wheat and paddy crops from insect pests. Eggplant Lace Bugs . On the pronotum and wings, there is a network of markings and veins. This pest of brinjal fruits and shoots is widely distributed in Malaysia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Germany and East Africa. Eggs are parasitized by Tetrastichus ovulorum Ferr. Because, biorational insecticides have the low toxic ... 4 Effect of botanical extracts opposed to sucking pest attack on brinjal leaves 15 5 . Interval, The mites can be controlled by spraying the crop with Dicophol (KeIthane-18.5EC ) @ 2 ml or Morocite-40 EV @ 1 rnl per litter of water. Hand picking of egg and larval is the best method of, controlling this pest if infestation is only in few plants. The damage is done by the caterpillars which are creamy white when young, but light pink when full-grown. Report a Violation 11. Insect pest of brinjal 1. The pupal stage lasts 6-17 days and the life-cycle is completed in 20-43 days during the- active season. During the hot and dry months, the number declines greatly but the population again builds up in August. Egg Plant Fruit Borer is one of the most destructive pest on Eggplant in south & southeast Asia. The moth measures about 20-22 mm across the spread wings. They measure about 18-23 mm in length. Lacebugs are brown with transparent, lacelike veins in the wings and are about ¼ inch in length. Non-chemical Pest Management on Eggplant Recommended practices . Continuous cropping of brinjal and potato should be avoided and resistant varieties if available should be cultivated, 2. Among pests brinjal shoot and fruit borer is highly monophagous and destructive which necessitates the grower to go in for 30 - 40 rounds of sprays. Each of their elytron bears six black spots surrounded by yellowish rings. Terms of Service 7. The nature of damage and control measures of nematode is same as for potato nematode. Yield losses in Bangladesh have been reported up to 86% and farmers rely primarily on frequent insecticide applications to reduce injury. Rotating your crop each year prevents pests that overwinter in the soil, reducing insect populations. The parasitoids associated with larvae of this pest are Pristomerus testaceus Mori, and Cremastus flavoorbitalis Cam. Besides brinjal, the pest is also known to infest potato, bitter gourd, pea pods, cucurbits etc. Their bodies taper posteriorly. Privacy Policy 9. The large holes asually seen on the fruits are the exist holes of caterpillar. Also, plant your eggplant seedlings away from other crops that might spread pests. One of the most obvious of the eggplant pests is the leaf-eating Colorado potato beetle. A short pinkish caterpillar bores into the terminal shoot and eats internal tissue; it bores into the young fruit … The pest is active throughout the year. Healthy eggplants have unblemished leaves, which are green in color and fruits that are shiny and smooth. The egg plants are also affected by mite, Jassids, Aphids and Mealy bug. The pest passes through several broods from March to October and its population is at a maximum at the end of April or in early May. Farmer brothers, today we are going to give complete information about Eggplant Disease and Control, if you want to know all about eggplant pest control then definitely read it.. Brinjal, like other vegetables, is considered one of the main vegetables, and brinjal is cultivated all year round and if it comes to higher yields, the hot climate is considered to be the best. The caterpillars feed exclusively in the main stem and have never been observed to bore into the fruits. When the attack is severe, about 50 per cent of the crop may be destroyed. It passes the winter as a hibernating adult among heaps of dry plants or in cracks and crevices in the soil. A short pinkish caterpillar bores into the terminal shoot and eats internal tissue; it bores into the young fruit through the calyx .leaving on visible sings of […] Generally in brinjal fruit, shoot borers, white flies, jassids and mites are major threat and application of pesticides showed effective control of these insect pests [9-11]. The field must be sprayed with 0.5 ml of Phosphamidon (demicron-100 EC) or 1 ml of Diochlorovos (Sumthion-50 Ecfolilhion-50 EC) in one litre of water every two weeks. Control: (i) Remove and destroy all the affected shoots and fruits with borers inside. control insect pest by different biorational approaches rather than conventional insecticide and to give emphasize on biorational approaches. Learn about the pests that damage brinjal and its control. (i) Collect and destroy the infested leaves along with insects in the initial stages. PCI ₹ 720; Quantity. Continuous cropping of brinjal and potato should be avoided and resistant varieties if … The beetle and grab feed on the leaves and other tender parts leading to a considerable reduction in the .yield of the egg plant. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Damage is caused by the beetles as well as by the grubs. They consist of various colors and sizes, all of which can add unique flavor to many recipes or … (ii) Varieties like Arkashirsh, Hissar, Sel. Before uploading and sharing your knowledge on this site, please read the following pages: 1. Insect Pest Control in Brinjal Cultivation. The full-grown nymphs are about 2 mm long and 1.35 mm broad. The leaves, thus, present a lace-like appearance. Damage is caused by the caterpillars which measure about 20-22 mm in length, when full- grown. "Bt brinjal has been modified to produce an unknown chimeric insecticide toxin. Flea beetles are a major eggplant pest. The lace-wing bug is distributed in the north­western parts of the Indian Sub-continent and is common in the plains. It resumes activity during March-April and lays yellow cigar-shaped eggs, mostly on the underside of leaves, in batches of 5-40 each. (ii) Avoid continuous cropping of brinjal crop. Beetles of all the three species are about 8-9 mm in length and 5-6 mm in width. Insect Pest Control in Brinjal Cultivation,Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Bore,Brinjal Stem Borer,Leaf Eating Beetle. As a result of their attack in the field, stray plants are seen withering and drying up. Field An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of eight botanical extracts on pest control in brinjal field. Indian government has constituted an expert committee to address this issue. They pass through 4 or 5 stages and are full-fed in 26-58 days. Biology Yellowish, elongated cigar-shaped eggs are laid in batches, generally on lower surface of leaves, with their tips pointing upwards. The life-cycle is completed in 35-76 days and the pest has 5-6 overlapping generations in a year. The eggs hatch in 5, 3.3 and 2.9 days at 25, 30 and 35°C, respectively. (iii) Spray 625 ml of malathion 50EC or 2.5 kg of carbaryl 50WP in 325 litres of water per ha, at 10 day intervals as soon as the pest appears. The bugs live for 30-40 days and lay 35-44 shining white nipple-shaped eggs singly in the tissues on the underside of the leaves. In this episode of Annadata, viewers will know about timely pest control in brinjal crop. The moths measure about 32 mm across the spread wings and have pale-yellow abdomens. Bt brinjal could effectively control the target pest and was found to be safe for environment and human health. The moth is white but has pale brown or black spots on the dorsum of the thorax and abdomen. The genetically modified eggplant known as Bt brinjal provides dramatic control of its most serious insect pest in Asia and eliminates the need for insecticides, according to results just published by scientists in the prestigious open-access online journal PLoS ONE. They suck the sap from the leaves and in severe cases the whole plantation looks yellowish and leaves drop down prematurely. Coverage of the foliage (under-side of leaves) must be thorough in order for best control of aphids. Two species of hadda beetles, viz., Henosepilachna dodecastigma and H. vigintioctopunctata, attack different solanaceous vegetables like brinjal, tomato and potato. (Eulophidae) parasitize the larvae, and Pediobius foveolatus (J.C. Crawford) (Eulophidae) parasitize the pupae. Eggplant Lacebug. Hence safer insect pest control may be possible by bio-pesticides application [11]. They turn brown, dry up and fall off and completely skeletonize the plants. The grubs feed on the lower epidermis of leaves and are full-grown in 17.8, 8.7 and 7.1 days at 25, 30 and 35°C, respectively. The larvae grow through 5 stages and are full- fed in 9-28 days. Grubs of all the three species are about 6 mm long, yellowish in colour and have six rows of long branched spines. They grow through five stages and transform themselves into adults in 10-23 days. Accordingly, water extracts of dried leaves of Khuksa (Ficus hispida), Chotra (Lantana sp. Also, Bt brinjal is resistant to antibiotics, at least the well-known kanamycin," he explained. Prohibited Content 3. The insect affected fruits becomes unfit for consumption. (i) Remove and destroy all the affected shoots and fruits with borers inside. The overwintered larvae pupate at the beginning of March and emerge as moths in the second half of the month. Except for brinjal, it has not been recorded feeding on any other plant. Your email address will not be published. Growing vegetables in the garden provides fresh, healthy produce but requires knowledgeable pest and disease management for an abundant crop. Removal and destruction of affected shoot … All Rights Reserved. Management (Pest Control): Chemical: Spray with 5% NSKE or 5 ml Cypermethrin 25 EC or 10 ml carbosulfan in 10 lits of water or 0.05 % monocrotophos or 0.2% carbaryl or dusting 10% carbaryl dust @ 20 kg /ha. A pale white caterpillar bore into the stem and kills the plant Control measures: Same as for brinjal fruit and shoot borer. Insect Pest Control in Brinjal Cultivation Insect Pests of Brinjal: 1) Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer: It is one of the major and serious insect pests of brinjal. ii. The stem-borer is a minor pest of brinjal and is widely distributed in India. The adult bugs measure about 3 mm in length and are straw coloured on the dorsal side and black on the ventral side. Its wings are white with a pinkish or bluish tinge and are ringed with small hair along the apical and anal margins. Adult – The prothorax (area behind the head) of this gray and light brown bug has a hood-like projection which extends out over the body and comes to a point over the wings. After pupation, they transform themselves into adults in 6-8 days. Considering their abundance, H. vigintioctopunctata is the most important. Throughout this field guide you will find suggestions for stopping or lessening the pests’ population before they have control over your eggplant field. Chemical control is widely used means of managing insect pests in brinjal. Eggplant lace bug, Gargaphia solani Heidemann, Tingidae, HEMIPTERA. Eggplant or brinjal (Solanum melongena) is a popular vegetable grown throughout Asia where it is attacked by brinjal fruit and shoot borer (BFSB) (Leucinodes orbonalis). Ladybugs can be used to control mites. (Ichneumonidae), Bracon sp., Shirakia schoenobii Vier and Iphiaulax sp. The eggs hatch in 3-10 days and the young larvae feed for a few minutes on exposed parts of plants before boring into the stem where they feed on the pith by making longitudinal tunnels. These insects except mites can effectively be controlled by spraying the crops with Methyl parathion (Metacid 50 EC) or Oxidemiton methyl (Metassystox 25 EV) @ 1 ml or Malathion-50 EC @ 2ml per litter of water at fortnightly. The mature larvae come out of their feeding tunnels and pupate in tough silken cocoons among the fallen leaves. Copyright 10. The head and thorax are greyish, the fore wings are pale straw-yellow and the hind wings are whitish. Besides brinjal, it has also been recorded feeding on many other solanaceous plants and occasionally on the green pods of peas also. The pupal stage lasts 13.4, 6.7 and 5.1 days at 25, 30 and 35°C, respectively. The caterpillars hibernate in winter and pupate early in spring. 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